Asexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction the simplest form of reproduction and does not involve meiosis, gamete formation, or fertilization. In laymen's terms, there is only one "parent" involved. This form of reproduction is most common among simple organisms such as amoeba and other single-celled organisms. However, many plants produce asexually as well.
Because it does not require male and female participation, asexual reproduction occurs faster than sexual reproduction and requires less energy. Additionally, asexual reproduction produces an exact replica of the parent due to the lack of genetic recombination. From an evolutionary standpoint, one could thus argue that asexual reproduction inferior because it stifles the potential for change. However, there is also a significantly reduced chance of mutation or other complications that can result from the mixing of genes.
Many, but not all, single-celled organisms produce asexually through binary fission. Some single-celled organisms rely on one more host organisms in order to reproduce, but most literally divide into two organisms. An exception to the rule are ciliates, which reproduce both sexually and asexually. All prokaryotes (the vast majority of which are unicellular) reproduce asexually.
In addition to binary fission, there are three types of asexual reproduction, all of which are utilized by asexual plants: regeneration, vegetative reproduction, and spore formation. For more information, see Asexual reproduction of plants.
Because it does not require male and female participation, asexual reproduction occurs faster than sexual reproduction and requires less energy. Additionally, asexual reproduction produces an exact replica of the parent due to the lack of genetic recombination. From an evolutionary standpoint, one could thus argue that asexual reproduction inferior because it stifles the potential for change. However, there is also a significantly reduced chance of mutation or other complications that can result from the mixing of genes.
Many, but not all, single-celled organisms produce asexually through binary fission. Some single-celled organisms rely on one more host organisms in order to reproduce, but most literally divide into two organisms. An exception to the rule are ciliates, which reproduce both sexually and asexually. All prokaryotes (the vast majority of which are unicellular) reproduce asexually.
In addition to binary fission, there are three types of asexual reproduction, all of which are utilized by asexual plants: regeneration, vegetative reproduction, and spore formation. For more information, see Asexual reproduction of plants.
Source: wikipedia, under GFDL
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